[Archaea]

Answers to questions.

Eating more frequently spreads the calories over a period where they are absorbed better and used. If you consume much more than you will use in a short time, you risk "storage", or fat building.

Many guys in the 160 lb category can absorb only 300 calories per hour. So if you consume 1000 calories as opposed to 500, you get more absorption, more direct input and less waste and storage.

Example, during an Ironman, I know approximately how many calories I need to absorb on the ride and run. I'm usually at a deficit at the end of an Ironman. However, unless I use high fibre I won't need to defecate. If you are efficient, you won't defecate as much.

Secondly, carbonation. I haven't researched it, so my understandings could be wrong, but carbonation affects oxygenation in the liver and slows metabolism down. Before races I go off sodas altogether and feel better. Caffeine is a diurectic, drying you out, exposing to risk of kidney stones and accelerating unnecessarily your heart rate.